一、氣力輸送裝置的型式常用的粉塵氣力輸送裝置有低壓吸入式(見圖5-34)和低壓壓送式(見圖5-35)兩種。氣力輸送其實很簡單，因為實際上它只有兩個類別：如果輸送的材料懸浮在整個管道的空氣中，則該機制符合稀相輸送的定義，反之，如果以非懸掛模式以低速輸送，則系統屬于密相（濃相）輸送。那么真正選擇起來有這么容易嘛？??????事實并非如此簡單，而且存在很多誤解和錯誤選擇的空間。那么設備需求方如何做出明智的選擇呢？第一步是了解每種氣力輸送方式的優點和缺點。 第二步是查看您自己特定的工藝規范，只有了解了這些您才能選到最適合您的氣力輸送。稀相氣力輸送：

　　1、 The commonly used types of dust pneumatic conveying devices include low-pressure suction type (see Figure 5-34) and low-pressure compression type (see Figure 5-35). Pneumatic conveying is actually very simple because it has only two categories: if the conveyed material is suspended in the air throughout the pipeline, then this mechanism meets the definition of dilute phase conveying; conversely, if it is conveyed at low speed in non suspended mode, then the system belongs to dense phase (dense phase) conveying. So is it really that easy to choose? The fact is not that simple, and there is a lot of room for misunderstanding and wrong choices. So how do device demanders make wise choices? The first step is to understand the advantages and disadvantages of each pneumatic conveying method. The second step is to review your specific process specifications, only by understanding these can you choose the most suitable pneumatic conveying for you. Dilute phase pneumatic conveying:

　　稀相氣力輸送工藝流程較簡潔沒有過多的開啟閥門，易損件很少，從電廠收塵器灰斗處接出落料管，接口處設蝶閥控制(起到關閉檢修作用)，落料管下方可建一座集料倉，以確保稀相輸送泵內腔有一定的壓力，倉下接輸送泵，氣流通過羅茨風機鼓入輸送泵主風管再經噴嘴高速進入擴散混合室，泵體內流化的物料在物料的料壓和噴嘴的負壓共同作用下進入擴散混合室與氣流混合，被氣流攜帶沿管道輸送至灰庫，倉頂設收塵器。

　　The process flow of dilute phase pneumatic conveying is relatively simple without excessive opening of valves, and there are few vulnerable parts. A discharge pipe is connected from the ash hopper of the power plant dust collector, and a butterfly valve control is installed at the interface (to close and maintain). A collection bin can be built below the discharge pipe to ensure a certain pressure in the chamber of the dilute phase conveying pump. The bin is connected to the conveying pump, and the airflow is blown into the main air duct of the conveying pump through a Roots blower and then enters the diffusion mixing chamber at high speed through the nozzle. The fluidized material in the pump enters the diffusion mixing chamber and mixes with the airflow under the joint action of the material pressure and negative pressure of the nozzle, and is carried by the airflow along the pipeline to the ash silo. A dust collector is installed on the top of the bin. ????

　　稀相氣力輸送設備當輸送氣流速度較高，灰氣比較低時，粉粒基本上以接近于均勻分布的狀態在輸送管氣流中懸浮輸送，對管道磨損小，在中短距離氣力輸送項目中使用稀相輸送更加經濟。在10-30米短距離小輸送量氣力輸送項目中，可使用旋轉給料機接溜管擴壓管輸送，麥克曼氣力輸送建議稀相氣力輸送一步到位，使用帶有氣化物料，能使物料和氣流混合，帶有噴嘴和擴壓管的稀相氣力輸送泵，達到使用壽命長、動能轉換為壓力輸送不堵管運轉可靠，無揚塵、符合環保標準的效果。

　　When the conveying airflow velocity is high and the ash gas ratio is low, the powder particles are basically suspended and transported in a nearly uniform distribution state in the conveying pipe airflow, with less wear on the pipeline. It is more economical to use dilute phase conveying in medium and short distance pneumatic conveying projects. In the 10-30 meter short distance small conveying capacity pneumatic conveying project, a rotary feeder can be used to connect the chute and expand the pressure pipe for conveying. Meckman pneumatic conveying recommends a one-step dilute phase pneumatic conveying, using a dilute phase pneumatic conveying pump with gasification material, which can mix the material with the airflow, and equipped with a nozzle and expansion pipe. This achieves long service life, reliable operation without blocking the pipe when converting kinetic energy into pressure conveying, no dust, and meets environmental standards. ?????

　　稀相氣力輸送系統整體配置簡約，主要設備有氣源羅茨風機、低壓輸送泵、庫頂布袋除塵器，庫頂除塵器處理風量相比濃相輸送終端除塵器要大的多，因稀相輸送用氣量較大，稀相氣力輸送泵自身不需動力，輸送壓力低(0.02-0.O9MPa)，靠物料自身壓力加上氣流的噴吹輸送，實現不間斷連續輸送，系統輸送量能自動平衡出力。稀相氣力輸送泵一般體積小，結構簡單，后期幾乎沒有什么維修量和磨損件，土建投資費用低，輸送管線布置簡捷、易安裝，輸送氣源選擇范圍大，可選用羅茨風機、壓縮空氣、風機等。

　　The overall configuration of the dilute phase pneumatic conveying system is simple, with the main equipment including a gas source Roots blower, a low-pressure conveying pump, and a bag filter on the top of the warehouse. The dust collector on the top of the warehouse has a much larger processing air volume compared to the terminal dust collector for dense phase conveying. Due to the large gas consumption of dilute phase conveying, the dilute phase pneumatic conveying pump does not require power and has a low conveying pressure (0.02-0.09MPa). It relies on the material's own pressure and the blowing of air flow to achieve uninterrupted continuous conveying, and the system's conveying capacity can automatically balance the output. Dilute phase pneumatic conveying pumps generally have small volume, simple structure, and almost no maintenance or wear parts in the later stage. The civil engineering investment cost is low, and the conveying pipeline layout is simple and easy to install. The selection range of conveying gas sources is wide, and Roots blowers, compressed air, fans, etc. can be used. ?

　　稀相氣力輸送系統參數范圍：?輸送能力：0-30t/h?風量：3-150m3/min?壓力：0.02-0.9MPa?電機功率：3-350kW?輸送距離：20-300m

　　Parameters range of dilute phase pneumatic conveying system: conveying capacity: 0-30t/h, air volume: 3-150m3/min, pressure: 0.02-0.9MPa, motor power: 3-350kW, conveying distance: 20-300m

　　*稀相氣力輸送系統特點：?1、設備投資小，用一臺稀相輸送泵可替代二臺倉泵，在除塵器落灰斗下部，可以一斗一泵，亦可兩斗兩斜管一泵，落灰斜管的斜度應≥45°。

　　*Characteristics of dilute phase pneumatic conveying system: 1. Small equipment investment. One dilute phase conveying pump can replace two bin pumps. At the lower part of the dust collector's ash hopper, there can be one pump per hopper, or two pumps per hopper and two inclined pipes. The slope of the ash chute should be ≥ 45 °. ?

　　2、粉體輸送的用氣壓力為0.04MPa-0.1MPa，降低了供氣壓力，大風量，不存在堵管現象。

　　2. The gas pressure for powder transportation is 0.04MPa-0.1MPa, which reduces the gas supply pressure, increases the air volume, and eliminates pipe blockage. ?

　　3、降低了維修費用，稀相氣力輸送系統一次安裝調試投運后，基本不用操作，幾乎沒有維護量，檢修工只須定期檢查即可。

　　3. Reduced maintenance costs, the dilute phase pneumatic conveying system can be installed, debugged, and put into operation in one go without much operation or maintenance. Maintenance workers only need to conduct regular inspections. ?

　　4、稀相氣力輸送系統控制只需“啟動”和“停機”操作，不需要人工值守，只需巡視，工藝系統簡單，所配置的控制系統操作維護簡單可靠。密相（濃相）氣力輸送：????正壓濃相氣力輸送系統在國內燃煤電廠輸灰引入較早使用較多，其輸送壓力可達0.8MPa，輸送距離達1km以上，系統出力多在10-60t/h范圍，大輸送量可達200t/h，正壓濃相氣力輸送系統自動化程度高，微機控制，操作簡單，反應靈敏，處理功能齊全，兼有遠程操作及手動操作功能。對于中短距離氣力輸灰而言，濃相氣力輸送運行維護成本費用高，一個進料閥價格幾乎能換一臺稀相輸送泵，對于低于300米的輸送距離不建議使用濃相輸送系統。

　　4. The control of the dilute phase pneumatic conveying system only requires "start" and "stop" operations, without the need for manual supervision, only inspection. The process system is simple, and the configured control system is easy to operate and maintain reliably. Dense phase (dense phase) pneumatic conveying: The positive pressure dense phase pneumatic conveying system was introduced early and widely used in coal-fired power plants in China. Its conveying pressure can reach 0.8 MPa, conveying distance can reach more than 1 km, system output is mostly in the range of 10-60 t/h, and the large conveying capacity can reach 200 t/h. The positive pressure dense phase pneumatic conveying system has a high degree of automation, microcomputer control, simple operation, sensitive response, complete processing functions, and both remote and manual operation functions. For medium to short distance pneumatic ash conveying, the operation and maintenance costs of dense phase pneumatic conveying are high, and the price of one feed valve can almost replace one dilute phase conveying pump. For conveying distances below 300 meters, it is not recommended to use dense phase conveying systems. ?

　　濃相氣力輸送的過程進料閥、排氣閥、進氣閥、出料閥要相互作用配合，對閥門磨損比較大。系統處于進料狀態，這時進料閥、排氣閥打開，進氣閥、出料閥關閉，物料在重力作用下落入密相泵內;當1個或多個泵內料位計被覆蓋，或達到設定落料時間時，進料閥、排氣閥關閉;在進料閥、排氣閥關閉并且充氣密封結束后，進氣閥、出料閥打開，物料進入管道開始輸送。

　　The process of dense phase pneumatic conveying requires the interaction and coordination of the feed valve, exhaust valve, intake valve, and discharge valve, which can cause significant valve wear. The system is in the feeding state, at which point the feeding valve and exhaust valve are open, the inlet valve and discharge valve are closed, and the material falls into the dense phase pump under the action of gravity; When one or more level gauges in the pump are covered or the set discharge time is reached, the feed valve and exhaust valve are closed; After the inlet valve and exhaust valve are closed and the inflation seal is completed, the inlet valve and outlet valve are opened, and the material enters the pipeline for transportation. ?

　　濃相氣力輸送設備是通過下引式發送器的動力源為壓縮空氣，輸送物料為粉粒狀物料，輸送風量和風壓可根據運行工況進行調整。

　　The dense phase pneumatic conveying equipment uses compressed air as the power source through a down type transmitter to transport granular materials. The conveying air volume and pressure can be adjusted according to the operating conditions. ?

　　濃相氣力輸送優點：

　　Advantages of dense phase pneumatic conveying:

　　1、單管出力大，輸送灰氣比高輸灰管長度在200米內可達40-50以上，空氣消耗量為正壓稀相系統的1/3，輸送量大壓力大對管道磨損也較大。

　　1. Single tube output is high, with a high ash to gas ratio. The length of the ash conveying pipe can reach 40-50 or more within 200 meters, and the air consumption is one-third of that of a positive pressure dilute phase system. The high conveying capacity and pressure also cause significant pipeline wear. ?

　　2、輸送管道少，由于系統實行串連輸送，幾個發送器作為1個輸送單元，合用1根輸送管道，支管數量少。

　　2. There are few conveying pipelines. Due to the system's implementation of serial conveying, several transmitters are used as one conveying unit and share one conveying pipeline, resulting in fewer branch pipes. ?

　　3、由于采用栓流式輸送，其輸送混合比高，耗氣量少，能耗低。

　　3. Due to the use of plug flow conveying, the conveying mixing ratio is high, the air consumption is low, and the energy consumption is low. ?

　　4、系統自動化程度高，微機控制，運行狀況動態顯示、故障報警，反應靈敏，處理功能齊全，設有遠操及手動功能，操作管理靈活方便、可靠。?隨著我國可持續發展戰略的實施和環境保護、粉煤灰綜合利用的發展，火力發電廠氣力除灰技術得到迅速發展和應用。國內投產的氣力除灰系統有：正壓氣力除灰系統、低正壓氣力除灰系統、空氣輸送槽等。現階段運行的電廠大多使用以倉泵為代表的濃相型氣力輸送系統，輸灰系統設備包括倉泵、進料閥、排氣閥、出料閥等，另包括復雜的PLC控制系統，運行工藝流程復雜費用高，現大多已逐步改造為稀相氣力輸送。

　　4. The system has a high degree of automation, microcomputer control, dynamic display of operating status, fault alarm, sensitive response, complete processing functions, and is equipped with remote and manual functions. The operation and management are flexible, convenient, and reliable. With the implementation of China's sustainable development strategy and the development of environmental protection and comprehensive utilization of fly ash, the pneumatic ash removal technology for thermal power plants has been rapidly developed and applied. The domestically produced pneumatic ash removal systems include: positive pressure pneumatic ash removal system, low positive pressure pneumatic ash removal system, air conveying tank, etc. At present, most power plants in operation use dense phase pneumatic conveying systems represented by bin pumps. The ash conveying system equipment includes bin pumps, feed valves, exhaust valves, discharge valves, etc., as well as complex PLC control systems. The operating process is complex and costly, and most of them have gradually been transformed into dilute phase pneumatic conveying. ?

　　濃相型氣力輸送系統存在的主要問題

　　The main problems of dense phase pneumatic conveying system

　　1、空壓機保養與運行成本費用高。以一臺110kW空壓機運行為例，年保養與運行費用可達到45萬元，同時壓縮空氣易帶水、帶油，影響輸送效果。

　　1. The maintenance and operation costs of air compressors are high. Taking the operation of a 110kW air compressor as an example, the annual maintenance and operating costs can reach 450000 yuan. At the same time, compressed air is prone to carrying water and oil, which affects the conveying effect.

　　2、出料閥、進料閥、排氣閥等部件故障率高，易出現閥芯磨損或關閉不嚴密現象。

　　2. The failure rate of components such as discharge valves, feed valves, and exhaust valves is high, and it is easy to experience valve core wear or loose closure.

　　3、倉泵采用料位及時間自動控制系統進行物料的輸送控制，控制臺接線復雜，輸灰系統出現故障需涉及電氣、熱工、除灰檢修三大部門多個專業人員到現場查找原因排除故障。

　　3. The warehouse pump adopts a material level and time automatic control system for material conveying control. The console wiring is complex, and if there is a malfunction in the ash conveying system, multiple professionals from the electrical, thermal, and ash removal maintenance departments need to go to the site to find the cause and eliminate the fault.

　　本文由  氣力輸送系統 友情奉獻.更多有關的知識請點擊  http://www.futaidq.cn/   真誠的態度.為您提供為全面的服務.更多有關的知識我們將會陸續向大家奉獻.敬請期待.

　　This article is a friendly contribution from the pneumatic conveying system For more related knowledge, please click http://www.futaidq.cn/ Sincere attitude To provide you with comprehensive services We will gradually contribute more relevant knowledge to everyone Coming soon.

　　一、氣力輸送裝置的型式常用的粉塵氣力輸送裝置有低壓吸入式(見圖5-34)和低壓壓送式(見圖5-35)兩種。氣力輸送其實很簡單，因為實際上它只有兩個類別：如果輸送的材料懸浮在整個管道的空氣中，則該機制符合稀相輸送的定義，反之，如果以非懸掛模式以低速輸送，則系統屬于密相（濃相）輸送。那么真正選擇起來有這么容易嘛？??????事實并非如此簡單，而且存在很多誤解和錯誤選擇的空間。那么設備需求方如何做出明智的選擇呢？第一步是了解每種氣力輸送方式的優點和缺點。 第二步是查看您自己特定的工藝規范，只有了解了這些您才能選到最適合您的氣力輸送。稀相氣力輸送：

　　1、 The commonly used types of dust pneumatic conveying devices include low-pressure suction type (see Figure 5-34) and low-pressure compression type (see Figure 5-35). Pneumatic conveying is actually very simple because it has only two categories: if the conveyed material is suspended in the air throughout the pipeline, then this mechanism meets the definition of dilute phase conveying; conversely, if it is conveyed at low speed in non suspended mode, then the system belongs to dense phase (dense phase) conveying. So is it really that easy to choose? The fact is not that simple, and there is a lot of room for misunderstanding and wrong choices. So how do device demanders make wise choices? The first step is to understand the advantages and disadvantages of each pneumatic conveying method. The second step is to review your specific process specifications, only by understanding these can you choose the most suitable pneumatic conveying for you. Dilute phase pneumatic conveying:

　　稀相氣力輸送工藝流程較簡潔沒有過多的開啟閥門，易損件很少，從電廠收塵器灰斗處接出落料管，接口處設蝶閥控制(起到關閉檢修作用)，落料管下方可建一座集料倉，以確保稀相輸送泵內腔有一定的壓力，倉下接輸送泵，氣流通過羅茨風機鼓入輸送泵主風管再經噴嘴高速進入擴散混合室，泵體內流化的物料在物料的料壓和噴嘴的負壓共同作用下進入擴散混合室與氣流混合，被氣流攜帶沿管道輸送至灰庫，倉頂設收塵器。

　　The process flow of dilute phase pneumatic conveying is relatively simple without excessive opening of valves, and there are few vulnerable parts. A discharge pipe is connected from the ash hopper of the power plant dust collector, and a butterfly valve control is installed at the interface (to close and maintain). A collection bin can be built below the discharge pipe to ensure a certain pressure in the chamber of the dilute phase conveying pump. The bin is connected to the conveying pump, and the airflow is blown into the main air duct of the conveying pump through a Roots blower and then enters the diffusion mixing chamber at high speed through the nozzle. The fluidized material in the pump enters the diffusion mixing chamber and mixes with the airflow under the joint action of the material pressure and negative pressure of the nozzle, and is carried by the airflow along the pipeline to the ash silo. A dust collector is installed on the top of the bin. ????

　　稀相氣力輸送設備當輸送氣流速度較高，灰氣比較低時，粉粒基本上以接近于均勻分布的狀態在輸送管氣流中懸浮輸送，對管道磨損小，在中短距離氣力輸送項目中使用稀相輸送更加經濟。在10-30米短距離小輸送量氣力輸送項目中，可使用旋轉給料機接溜管擴壓管輸送，麥克曼氣力輸送建議稀相氣力輸送一步到位，使用帶有氣化物料，能使物料和氣流混合，帶有噴嘴和擴壓管的稀相氣力輸送泵，達到使用壽命長、動能轉換為壓力輸送不堵管運轉可靠，無揚塵、符合環保標準的效果。

　　When the conveying airflow velocity is high and the ash gas ratio is low, the powder particles are basically suspended and transported in a nearly uniform distribution state in the conveying pipe airflow, with less wear on the pipeline. It is more economical to use dilute phase conveying in medium and short distance pneumatic conveying projects. In the 10-30 meter short distance small conveying capacity pneumatic conveying project, a rotary feeder can be used to connect the chute and expand the pressure pipe for conveying. Meckman pneumatic conveying recommends a one-step dilute phase pneumatic conveying, using a dilute phase pneumatic conveying pump with gasification material, which can mix the material with the airflow, and equipped with a nozzle and expansion pipe. This achieves long service life, reliable operation without blocking the pipe when converting kinetic energy into pressure conveying, no dust, and meets environmental standards. ?????

　　稀相氣力輸送系統整體配置簡約，主要設備有氣源羅茨風機、低壓輸送泵、庫頂布袋除塵器，庫頂除塵器處理風量相比濃相輸送終端除塵器要大的多，因稀相輸送用氣量較大，稀相氣力輸送泵自身不需動力，輸送壓力低(0.02-0.O9MPa)，靠物料自身壓力加上氣流的噴吹輸送，實現不間斷連續輸送，系統輸送量能自動平衡出力。稀相氣力輸送泵一般體積小，結構簡單，后期幾乎沒有什么維修量和磨損件，土建投資費用低，輸送管線布置簡捷、易安裝，輸送氣源選擇范圍大，可選用羅茨風機、壓縮空氣、風機等。

　　The overall configuration of the dilute phase pneumatic conveying system is simple, with the main equipment including a gas source Roots blower, a low-pressure conveying pump, and a bag filter on the top of the warehouse. The dust collector on the top of the warehouse has a much larger processing air volume compared to the terminal dust collector for dense phase conveying. Due to the large gas consumption of dilute phase conveying, the dilute phase pneumatic conveying pump does not require power and has a low conveying pressure (0.02-0.09MPa). It relies on the material's own pressure and the blowing of air flow to achieve uninterrupted continuous conveying, and the system's conveying capacity can automatically balance the output. Dilute phase pneumatic conveying pumps generally have small volume, simple structure, and almost no maintenance or wear parts in the later stage. The civil engineering investment cost is low, and the conveying pipeline layout is simple and easy to install. The selection range of conveying gas sources is wide, and Roots blowers, compressed air, fans, etc. can be used. ?

　　稀相氣力輸送系統參數范圍：?輸送能力：0-30t/h?風量：3-150m3/min?壓力：0.02-0.9MPa?電機功率：3-350kW?輸送距離：20-300m

　　Parameters range of dilute phase pneumatic conveying system: conveying capacity: 0-30t/h, air volume: 3-150m3/min, pressure: 0.02-0.9MPa, motor power: 3-350kW, conveying distance: 20-300m

　　*稀相氣力輸送系統特點：?1、設備投資小，用一臺稀相輸送泵可替代二臺倉泵，在除塵器落灰斗下部，可以一斗一泵，亦可兩斗兩斜管一泵，落灰斜管的斜度應≥45°。

　　*Characteristics of dilute phase pneumatic conveying system: 1. Small equipment investment. One dilute phase conveying pump can replace two bin pumps. At the lower part of the dust collector's ash hopper, there can be one pump per hopper, or two pumps per hopper and two inclined pipes. The slope of the ash chute should be ≥ 45 °. ?

　　2、粉體輸送的用氣壓力為0.04MPa-0.1MPa，降低了供氣壓力，大風量，不存在堵管現象。

　　2. The gas pressure for powder transportation is 0.04MPa-0.1MPa, which reduces the gas supply pressure, increases the air volume, and eliminates pipe blockage. ?

　　3、降低了維修費用，稀相氣力輸送系統一次安裝調試投運后，基本不用操作，幾乎沒有維護量，檢修工只須定期檢查即可。

　　3. Reduced maintenance costs, the dilute phase pneumatic conveying system can be installed, debugged, and put into operation in one go without much operation or maintenance. Maintenance workers only need to conduct regular inspections. ?

　　4、稀相氣力輸送系統控制只需“啟動”和“停機”操作，不需要人工值守，只需巡視，工藝系統簡單，所配置的控制系統操作維護簡單可靠。密相（濃相）氣力輸送：????正壓濃相氣力輸送系統在國內燃煤電廠輸灰引入較早使用較多，其輸送壓力可達0.8MPa，輸送距離達1km以上，系統出力多在10-60t/h范圍，大輸送量可達200t/h，正壓濃相氣力輸送系統自動化程度高，微機控制，操作簡單，反應靈敏，處理功能齊全，兼有遠程操作及手動操作功能。對于中短距離氣力輸灰而言，濃相氣力輸送運行維護成本費用高，一個進料閥價格幾乎能換一臺稀相輸送泵，對于低于300米的輸送距離不建議使用濃相輸送系統。

　　4. The control of the dilute phase pneumatic conveying system only requires "start" and "stop" operations, without the need for manual supervision, only inspection. The process system is simple, and the configured control system is easy to operate and maintain reliably. Dense phase (dense phase) pneumatic conveying: The positive pressure dense phase pneumatic conveying system was introduced early and widely used in coal-fired power plants in China. Its conveying pressure can reach 0.8 MPa, conveying distance can reach more than 1 km, system output is mostly in the range of 10-60 t/h, and the large conveying capacity can reach 200 t/h. The positive pressure dense phase pneumatic conveying system has a high degree of automation, microcomputer control, simple operation, sensitive response, complete processing functions, and both remote and manual operation functions. For medium to short distance pneumatic ash conveying, the operation and maintenance costs of dense phase pneumatic conveying are high, and the price of one feed valve can almost replace one dilute phase conveying pump. For conveying distances below 300 meters, it is not recommended to use dense phase conveying systems. ?

　　濃相氣力輸送的過程進料閥、排氣閥、進氣閥、出料閥要相互作用配合，對閥門磨損比較大。系統處于進料狀態，這時進料閥、排氣閥打開，進氣閥、出料閥關閉，物料在重力作用下落入密相泵內;當1個或多個泵內料位計被覆蓋，或達到設定落料時間時，進料閥、排氣閥關閉;在進料閥、排氣閥關閉并且充氣密封結束后，進氣閥、出料閥打開，物料進入管道開始輸送。

　　The process of dense phase pneumatic conveying requires the interaction and coordination of the feed valve, exhaust valve, intake valve, and discharge valve, which can cause significant valve wear. The system is in the feeding state, at which point the feeding valve and exhaust valve are open, the inlet valve and discharge valve are closed, and the material falls into the dense phase pump under the action of gravity; When one or more level gauges in the pump are covered or the set discharge time is reached, the feed valve and exhaust valve are closed; After the inlet valve and exhaust valve are closed and the inflation seal is completed, the inlet valve and outlet valve are opened, and the material enters the pipeline for transportation. ?

　　濃相氣力輸送設備是通過下引式發送器的動力源為壓縮空氣，輸送物料為粉粒狀物料，輸送風量和風壓可根據運行工況進行調整。

　　The dense phase pneumatic conveying equipment uses compressed air as the power source through a down type transmitter to transport granular materials. The conveying air volume and pressure can be adjusted according to the operating conditions. ?

　　濃相氣力輸送優點：

　　Advantages of dense phase pneumatic conveying:

　　1、單管出力大，輸送灰氣比高輸灰管長度在200米內可達40-50以上，空氣消耗量為正壓稀相系統的1/3，輸送量大壓力大對管道磨損也較大。

　　1. Single tube output is high, with a high ash to gas ratio. The length of the ash conveying pipe can reach 40-50 or more within 200 meters, and the air consumption is one-third of that of a positive pressure dilute phase system. The high conveying capacity and pressure also cause significant pipeline wear. ?

　　2、輸送管道少，由于系統實行串連輸送，幾個發送器作為1個輸送單元，合用1根輸送管道，支管數量少。

　　2. There are few conveying pipelines. Due to the system's implementation of serial conveying, several transmitters are used as one conveying unit and share one conveying pipeline, resulting in fewer branch pipes. ?

　　3、由于采用栓流式輸送，其輸送混合比高，耗氣量少，能耗低。

　　3. Due to the use of plug flow conveying, the conveying mixing ratio is high, the air consumption is low, and the energy consumption is low. ?

　　4、系統自動化程度高，微機控制，運行狀況動態顯示、故障報警，反應靈敏，處理功能齊全，設有遠操及手動功能，操作管理靈活方便、可靠。?隨著我國可持續發展戰略的實施和環境保護、粉煤灰綜合利用的發展，火力發電廠氣力除灰技術得到迅速發展和應用。國內投產的氣力除灰系統有：正壓氣力除灰系統、低正壓氣力除灰系統、空氣輸送槽等。現階段運行的電廠大多使用以倉泵為代表的濃相型氣力輸送系統，輸灰系統設備包括倉泵、進料閥、排氣閥、出料閥等，另包括復雜的PLC控制系統，運行工藝流程復雜費用高，現大多已逐步改造為稀相氣力輸送。

　　4. The system has a high degree of automation, microcomputer control, dynamic display of operating status, fault alarm, sensitive response, complete processing functions, and is equipped with remote and manual functions. The operation and management are flexible, convenient, and reliable. With the implementation of China's sustainable development strategy and the development of environmental protection and comprehensive utilization of fly ash, the pneumatic ash removal technology for thermal power plants has been rapidly developed and applied. The domestically produced pneumatic ash removal systems include: positive pressure pneumatic ash removal system, low positive pressure pneumatic ash removal system, air conveying tank, etc. At present, most power plants in operation use dense phase pneumatic conveying systems represented by bin pumps. The ash conveying system equipment includes bin pumps, feed valves, exhaust valves, discharge valves, etc., as well as complex PLC control systems. The operating process is complex and costly, and most of them have gradually been transformed into dilute phase pneumatic conveying. ?

　　濃相型氣力輸送系統存在的主要問題

　　The main problems of dense phase pneumatic conveying system

　　1、空壓機保養與運行成本費用高。以一臺110kW空壓機運行為例，年保養與運行費用可達到45萬元，同時壓縮空氣易帶水、帶油，影響輸送效果。

　　1. The maintenance and operation costs of air compressors are high. Taking the operation of a 110kW air compressor as an example, the annual maintenance and operating costs can reach 450000 yuan. At the same time, compressed air is prone to carrying water and oil, which affects the conveying effect.

　　2、出料閥、進料閥、排氣閥等部件故障率高，易出現閥芯磨損或關閉不嚴密現象。

　　2. The failure rate of components such as discharge valves, feed valves, and exhaust valves is high, and it is easy to experience valve core wear or loose closure.

　　3、倉泵采用料位及時間自動控制系統進行物料的輸送控制，控制臺接線復雜，輸灰系統出現故障需涉及電氣、熱工、除灰檢修三大部門多個專業人員到現場查找原因排除故障。

　　3. The warehouse pump adopts a material level and time automatic control system for material conveying control. The console wiring is complex, and if there is a malfunction in the ash conveying system, multiple professionals from the electrical, thermal, and ash removal maintenance departments need to go to the site to find the cause and eliminate the fault.

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